{"id":5395,"date":"2023-01-17T10:01:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-17T10:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/blogs\/how-to-build-a-web-crawler\/"},"modified":"2023-01-17T10:01:00","modified_gmt":"2023-01-17T10:01:00","slug":"how-to-build-a-web-crawler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/blogs\/how-to-build-a-web-crawler\/","title":{"rendered":"How to build a web crawler ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5395\" class=\"elementor elementor-5395\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9929fe4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9929fe4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-583dee5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"583dee5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div> <p style=\"font-size:18px\">Welcome to our blog post on <strong>building a web crawler<\/strong>! In this post, we will take you through the process of creating your own web crawler, step by step. We will cover everything from the basics of what a web crawler is and why it&#8217;s useful, to the technical details of how to build one. <\/p> <p style=\"font-size:18px\">Whether you&#8217;re a developer looking to <strong>add web crawling functionality<\/strong> to your projects or simply interested in learning more about how the internet works, this post is for you. By the end of this post, you will have a solid understanding of how to build a web crawler and be able to start experimenting with your own projects. So, let&#8217;s get started!<\/p> <p><strong>In order to save time and maximize efficiency, it&#8217;s a great idea to couple a scraping tool like ScrapingBot with a web crawling bot. <\/strong><\/p> <div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div> <p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>You want to use a scraping tool with your web crawling bot ?<\/strong><\/p> <div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center\"> <div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-color\" href=\"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/blogs\/pricing-web-scraper-api\/\" style=\"color:#00ea90\">See pricing<\/a><\/div> <\/div> <div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div> <p>This allows the web crawler to first gather a list of URLs to scrape, and then the scraping tool can quickly and easily extract the desired data from those pages. By using both a web crawler and a scraping tool together, you can automate the process of collecting data from multiple websites, saving you a significant amount of time and effort.<\/p> <div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div> <div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Spider-Crawlerweb-shine.webp\" alt=\"ScrapingBot-Web-Crawler\" class=\"wp-image-3654\" width=\"383\" height=\"386\"\/><\/figure><\/div> <div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7d1d87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d7d1d87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is a web crawler?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f26ed6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f26ed6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A crawler, or spider, is an internet bot <strong>indexing and visiting every URLs <\/strong>it encounters. Its goal is to visit a website from end to end, know what is on every webpage and be able to find the location of any information. The most known web crawlers are the search engine ones, the <a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/search\/docs\/crawling-indexing\/googlebot?hl=en&amp;ref_topic=9426101&amp;visit_id=638284777767860751-773002716&amp;rd=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">GoogleBot<\/a> for example. When a website is online, those crawlers will visit it and read its content to display it in the relevant search result pages.&nbsp;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4855dbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4855dbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How does a web crawler work?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f090429 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f090429\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Starting from the <strong>root URL<\/strong> or a set of entries, the crawler will fetch the webpages and find other URLs to visit, called <strong>seeds<\/strong>, in this page. All the seeds found on this page will be added on its list of <strong>URLs to be visited<\/strong>. This list is called the <strong>horizon<\/strong>. The crawler organizes the links in two threads: ones to visit, and already visited ones. It will keep visiting the links until the horizon is empty.&nbsp;<\/p> <p>A <strong>web crawler<\/strong>, also known as a <strong>spider or bot<\/strong>, is a<strong> program that scans the internet and <\/strong>collects information from websites. It starts by visiting a root URL or a set of entry points, and then fetches the webpages, searching for other URLs to visit, called seeds. These seeds are added to the crawler&#8217;s list of URLs to visit, known as the horizon. The crawler organizes the links it finds into two categories: those that have yet to be visited and those that have already been visited. It will continue to visit the links until the horizon is empty.<\/p> <p>To <strong>efficiently navigate the vast number of links<\/strong>, the crawler uses several criteria to prioritize which URLs to visit first. It takes into account factors such as the number of links pointing to a particular URL and the frequency at which regular users visit the site. By doing this, the crawler can determine which pages are more important to crawl and focus its efforts on those.<\/p> <p>Because the list of seeds can be very long, <strong>the<\/strong> <strong>crawler <\/strong>has to organize those following several criterias, and <strong>prioritize<\/strong> which ones to visit first and revisit. To know which pages are more important to crawl, the bot will consider how many links go to this URL, how often it is visited by regular users.<\/p> <div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div> <p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Test ScrapingBot with your web crawler now for FREE!<\/strong><\/p> <div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center\"> <div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-color\" href=\"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/blogs\/register\/\" style=\"color:#00ea90\">See pricing<\/a><\/div> <\/div> <div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad060a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ad060a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is the difference between a web scraper and a web crawler?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-405fc93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"405fc93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Crawling, by definition, always implies the web. A crawler\ufffds purpose is to <strong>follow links to reach numerous pages<\/strong> and analyze their meta data and content.&nbsp;<\/p> <p>Scraping is possible out of the web. For example, you can retrieve some information from a database. Scraping is <strong>pulling data from the web <\/strong>or a database.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a654b3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a654b3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why do you need a web crawler?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db3cdf3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db3cdf3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Web scraping<\/strong> is a powerful tool that can <strong>save you a significant amount of time<\/strong> by automatically collecting the information you need from websites, without the need for manual data entry. However, scraping can be time-consuming as it requires you to visit each page individually.<\/p> <p>Web crawling offers a solution to this problem by allowing you to collect, organize and visit all of the pages linked from a specific starting point, known as the root page. This can be a search result page or a category page on a website. With web crawling, you also have the option to exclude certain links that you don&#8217;t need to scrape, making the process more efficient.<\/p> <p>For example, you can use a product category or a search result page from Amazon as the root page, and then crawl through all the linked pages to scrape product details. You can even limit the number of pages to crawl, such as the first 10 pages of suggested products. This way you can easily extract the data you need and save a lot of time.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea509b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ea509b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How to build a web crawler?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59a9ab2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59a9ab2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The first thing you need to do is threads:<\/p> <ul><li>Visited URLs<\/li><li>URLs to be visited (queue)<\/li><\/ul> <p><br>To avoid crawling the same page over and over, the URL needs to <strong>automatically move to the visited URLs thread<\/strong> once you\ufffdve finished crawling it. In each webpage, you will find new URLs. Most of them will be added to the queue, but some of them might not add any value for your purpose. Hence why you also need <strong>to set rules<\/strong> for URLs you\ufffdre not interested in.<br><\/p> <p><strong>Deduplication<\/strong> is a critical part of web crawling. On some websites, and particularly on e-commerce ones, a single webpage can have multiple URLs. As you want to scrape this page only once, the best way to do so is to <strong>look for the canonical tag<\/strong> in the code. All the pages with the same content will have this common canonical URL, and this is the only link you will have to crawl and scrape.<\/p> <p>Here\ufffds an example of a canonical tag in HTML:<\/p> <pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><em>&lt;link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/how-to-build-a-crawler\"&gt;<br><\/em><\/pre>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7447e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c7447e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Here are the basic steps to build a crawler<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35bf109 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35bf109\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Step 1:<\/span> Add one or several URLs to be visited.<br><\/li><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Step 2:<\/span> Pop a link from the URLs to be visited and add it to the Visited URLs thread.<br><\/li><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Step 3:<\/span> Fetch the&nbsp;page\ufffds content and scrape the data you\ufffdre interested in with the ScrapingBot API.&nbsp;<br><\/li><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Step 4:<\/span> Parse all the URLs present on the page, and add them to the URLs to be visited if they match the rules you\ufffdve set and don\ufffdt match any of the Visited URLs.&nbsp;<br><\/li><li><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Step 5:<\/span> Repeat steps 2 to 4 until the URLs to be visited list is empty.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul> <p><br><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">NB:<\/span> The Steps 1 and 2 must be synchronized.&nbsp;<br><br>Similarly to the web scraping, there is some <a href=\"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/blogs\/how-to-scrape-a-website-without-getting-blocked\/\">rules to respect <\/a>when crawling a website. The Robots.txt file specify if <strong>some areas of the site map should not be visited by a crawler<\/strong>. Also, the crawler should avoid overloading a website by <strong>limiting its crawling rate<\/strong>, to maintain a good experience for human users. Otherwise, the website being scraped could decide to block the crawler\ufffds IP or take other measures.&nbsp;<\/p> <p>Find here a crawler example using scraping bot API with only two dependencies : request and cheerio <br>You need to use at least nodeJs 8 because of usage of await\/async <\/p> [code_block class=&#8221;language-javascript&#8221; file=&#8221;crawler\/node-crawler.js&#8221;] <p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Welcome to our blog post on building a web crawler! In this post, we will take you through the process of creating your own web crawler, step by step. We will cover everything from the basics of what a web crawler is and why it&#8217;s useful, to the technical details of how to build one. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":5424,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-web-scraping-in-general"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to build a web crawler ? - Scraping-bot<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scraping-bot.io\/blogs\/how-to-build-a-web-crawler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to build a web crawler ? - Scraping-bot\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Welcome to our blog post on building a web crawler! In this post, we will take you through the process of creating your own web crawler, step by step. We will cover everything from the basics of what a web crawler is and why it&#8217;s useful, to the technical details of how to build one. 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In this post, we will take you through the process of creating your own web crawler, step by step. We will cover everything from the basics of what a web crawler is and why it&#8217;s useful, to the technical details of how to build one. 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